SGR va recomanda articolul saptamanii: LUNCA DUNĂRII ÎN SECTORUL PONTIC, TRADIȚIONALĂ CONVIEȚUIRE ÎNTRE OM ȘI APĂ
Prof. univ. dr. docent Petre Gâștescu
Conf. univ. dr. Elena Toma
Abstract. In the so-called Pontic sector (Drobeta-Turnu Severin – Brăila) the stream
gradient falls from 0.045 to 0.06‰, forming some islets (Rom. “ostrov”) (Ostrovul Mare,
Păpădia, Calnovăț, Băloiu and Ostrovul Păsărilor) and a 4 – 13 km-wide floodplain on the
lefthandside, which before dyking and draining had encompassed numerous lakes. In this
sector, the lefthandside tributaries of the Danube in Romania – the Jiu, Olt and the Argeș, are
bigger than in Serbia and Bulgaria, but they are more numerous (Timok, Ogosta, Iskar, Vit,
Osam, Iantra and Lom). A second hydro power station was built at Ostrovul Mare in
cooperation with Serbia. A road-and-rail bridge (commissioned in 1954) spans the river
between Giurgiu (Romania) and Ruse (Bulgaria). In the future, a new bridge for vehicle traffic
will be built between Calafat (Romania) and Vidin (Bulgaria). The floodplain lake sector
(Rom.”bălți” ) between Călărași and Brăila features the Danube branching out into several
arms and encompassing the floodplain proper. Because of the numerous lakes, backwaters and
frequent flooding, the area was suggestively named Balta Ialomiței (Borcea). It extends
between the Dunărea Veche and Borcea branches; Balta Brăilei between Dunărea Nouă (with
several ramifications – Vâlciu, Mănușoaia, Cremenea, Pasca, Calia and Arapu), forming
smaller islets in the west, and the Măcin Arm (Dunărea Veche) in the east. These two areas
(except for the Balta Mică a Brăilei) were dammed and the terrain used for agriculture.
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